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the production or generation of smoke and UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MILTON SOIINAIER, on NEW YORK, N.

PLUMBERS SMOKE-TEST APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent N 0. 590,241, datedSeptember 21,1897.

Application filed July 141 1896. Serial No. 599,154. (No model.)

To a whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MILTON SCHNAIER, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city of New York, in the county and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plumbers Smoke-Test Apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for testing theplumbing in buildin gs, especially the drainage system, in order todiscover defective workmanship or material; and the invention has forits object more particularly to provide a simple and efficient apparatusfor producing smoke for indicating for indicating the pressure underwhich the smoke is forced into plumbing during the period of operation.

The objects above set forth I am enabled to attain by means of myinvention, which consists in the novel combination, connection, andarrangement of parts, and the details of construction, as hereinaftermore fully set forth, and then pointed out in the claims.

I11 the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification,wherein like letters of reference indicate like parts, Figure 1 is aplan or top view of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a section thereof,taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a detail section of aport-ion of the smoke-receptacle, showing the smoke-indicator theretoattached;

In said drawings, A designates a crate comprising the base B, ends 0 O,and connectingstays D. Upon the base B, near the end 0, is mounted acylindrical receptacle or Waterjacket E, which is provided near its basewith a faucet E, whereby the water may be withdrawn from the saidreceptacle E. Within the water-jacket or receptacle E is arranged afire-pot F, which is supported therein upon legs a a and maintained inposition by braces 19 b. To one side of the fire-pot F, near its top, isconnected a feed-pipe G, which extends through the side of thewater-jacket E, and is provided at its outer or projecting end with ascrew-plug G, and to the opposite side of said fire-pot F is connectedan outlet-pipe II, which also extendsthrough the side of thewater-jacket E, and is provided at its outer or projecting end with ascrew-plug II.

To the side of the fire-pot F, beneaththe feed-pipe G, is connected apipe I, which extends through the side of the water-jacket E, and hasits outer end connected by a nut I and a T-joint with the pipes J J,connected to and communicating with the bellows K K, respectively, and LL denote valves provided in the pipes .I J, respectively, whereby toregulate the quantity of air admitted to the-fire pot by means of thebellows.

M M designate bearings secured upon the inner side of the end 0 of thecrate. N denotes a rock-shaft carried within said bearings provided atone end with an operating lever N, and O O 0 denote arms having each oneend secured to the rock-shaft N and their projecting ends provided withslots 0, into which extend the studs (1, secured to the centerpartitions of the bellows K .K.

P designates a spherical smoke-receptacle which is disposed within thewater-jacket E above the fire-pot F and connected to the latter by ashort pipe P and maintained in proper position within the water-jacket Eby braces e c.

In the top of the sm oke-receptacle P is provided a threaded opening Q,into which is fitted one end of a pipe Q, to the outer end of which thehose is attached communicating with the pipes to be tested.

Connected to the smoke-receptacle, at .the side thereof, is a pipe R,which communicates with the interior of the receptacle and is providedat its outer end with a glass trap R, containing a liquid seal, saidtrap being secured to the pipe R by a packed nutf.

At the front of the smoke-receptacle is arranged the smoke-indicator,comprising a pipe S, which is arranged partly within and partly withoutthe smoke-receptacle. At its inner end the said pipe S is provided withaflaring mouth or hood h, which is disposed above the upper endrof thepipe P, connecting the tirepot F with the smoke-receptacle P,'and uponthe outeror projecting end of the pipe S is a packed nut g. Above thepipe S is arranged a pipe T, communicating with the interior of thesmoke-receptacle, having one end secured to said smoke-receptacle andits other end provided with a packed nut t', and U denotes a glass tubewhich is secured intermediate the projecting ends of the pipes S and Tby means of the packed nuts g and 2', arranged upon the ends of saidpipes.

The operation is as follows: It will of co urse be understood thatbefore any test is made for the purpose of discovering leaky joints ordefective material all the traps in the system to be tested should beproperly-sealed. To make the test, then, one end of a hose is secured tothe end of the pipe Q of the smokereceptacle and the other end of thehoseconnected to the end of the fresh-air pipe, which is located outsideof the building, generally beneath a grating in the sidewalk. Thereuponthe water-jacket E is filled with Water, as indicated at Fig. 2, and thefeed-pipe G opened by removing the plug G and inserting into thefire-pot F through said pipe G a quantity of smoke-producing'material-for example, oily cotton waste-which is thereupon ignited andthe feed-pipe G again sealed. The bellows are then operated by means ofthe operating-lever N and air forced into the fire-pot, which therebyserves to keep the fire alive therein and at the same time force thesmoke produced thereby first into the smokereceptacle and partly throughthe smoke-indicator, and then, through the pipe Q and the hose theretoattached, into the pipes to be tested. As soon as the smoke begins toissue from the vent-pipes on the roof the same are then sealed up andthe forcing of smoke into the pipes continued until they are filled,whereupon the valvesL L are closed. Should no defect exist and all thetraps remain sealed during the operation of testing, no smoke can enterthe building. However, should a defect exist the same will be readilydetected either by the odor of the smoke or by the smoke itself, whichcan be seen issuing from the defect.

It will be observed that if no means were provided for indicating thepressure required to force the smoke into the pipes so much pressuremight be introduced therein as to blow out the water in the traps, andthus cause the smoke to enter the building and render the operation oftesting valueless. To obviate this, I provide the pressure-indicator R,and so long as the liquid remains properly therein the operation of thebellows may be continued, but as soon as it rises too high, thusindicating too much pressure, the operation should be diminished or thevalves K K regulated accordingly.

Without limiting myself to the details of constrnction,which may bevaried within the spirit and scope of the invention,what I claim, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An apparatus for the purposes specified comprising a receptacleadapted to receive a smoke-producing agent, a receptacle adapted toreceive the produced smoke, a water-jacket surrounding said receptacles,and means for forcing the produced smoke from its receptaole,substantially as specified.

2. An apparatus for the purposes specified comprising a receptacleadapted to receive a smoke-producing agent, a receptacle connectedthereto adapted to receive the produced smoke, asmoke-outlet in saidreceptacle, means for indicating the production of smoke and the passagethereof through its receptacle, means for forcing the smoke from saidreceptacle, and means for indicating the pressure under which the smokeis forced from its receptacle, substantially as specified.

3. An apparatus for the purposes specified comprising a receptacleadapted to receive a smoke-producing agent, a receptacle adapted toreceive the produced smoke disposed above the same and connectedthereto, a smoke-outlet arranged therein, a water-jacket surroundingsaid receptacles, means secured to the smoke-receptacle for indicatingthe production of smoke and the passage thereof throughsaidsmoke-receptacle, means secured to said smoke-receptacle forindicating the pressure under which it is forced from its receptacle,and means for forcing the smoke from said receptacle, substantially asspecified.

at. An apparatus for the purposes specified comprising a receptacleadapted to receive a smoke-producing agent, a receptacle adapted toreceive the produced smoke disposed above the same, a smoke-outlettherein, a pipe connecting said receptacles, a water-jacket surroundingsaid receptacles, a smoke-indicator and a pressure-indicator connectedto and communicating with said smoke-receptacle, and means for forcingthe smoke from its receptacle through the outlet therein, substantiallyas specified.

5. An apparatus for the purposes specified comprising a fire-potprovided with an inlet and an outlet, a smoke-receptacle having anoutlet therein and disposed above the fire-pot, a pipe connecting saidfire-pot and smoke-receptacle, a water-jacket surrounding said firepotand smoke-receptacle, a smoke-indicating device, and apressure-indicating device, both attached to and communicating with saidsmoke-receptacle, and bellows provided with valves and pipes connectingsaid bellows with the fire-pot, substantially as specified.

6. An apparatus for the purposes specified, comprising a fire-potprovided with an inlet and an outlet, plugs for sealing the same, asmoke receptacle having a smoke outlet therein and disposed above saidfire-pot, a pipe connecting said fire-pot and smoke-receptacle, awater-jacket surrounding said fire-pot and smoke-receptacle, asmoke-indicator comprisinga pipe secured to said smokereceptacle andarranged partly within and partly without the same, and provided at itsinner end with a flaring mouth or hood, a pipe secured to saidsmoke-receptacle projecting outwardly therefrom, and a transparent tubearranged intermediate the outwardly-proj ecting ends of the aforesaidpipes, a pressureindicator comprising a pipe secured to thesmoke-receptacle, and a trap secured to the projecting end of said pipecontaining a liquid seal, and a pair ofbellows provided with valves andpipes connecting said bellows with the fire-pot, substantially asspecified.

7. In an apparatus for the purposes specified, the fire-pot incombination with a smokeout the receptacle and provided at its inner endwith a hood, and at its outer end with a packed nut, and a pipe securedto said receptacle projecting outwardly therefrom, a

packed nut at its projecting end, and a glass 20 tube secured by thepacked nuts intermediate the projecting ends of the aforesaid pipes,

substantially as specified.

Signed at the city of New York, in the county and State of New York,this 11th day 2 5 of July, 1896.

MILTON SOHNAIER. YVitnesses:

GUSTAVE DIETERIOH, J OHN KEHLENBEOK.

